WebSpeckle Park cattle come in four distinct colour patterns: speckled, leopard, white with black points, and solid black. Wattle Grove Ba Da Boom Q127 selling for $65,000. PO Box 439, Pittsworth, Queensland, AustraliaPhone: 1800 221 271Hours: 8am - 4pm. We had 2 speckle cows, one was pretty high headed and I didn't trust being near her when her calf was little and she did not like to come in the pen. It was developed in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan from 1959, by cross-breeding stock of the British Aberdeen Angus and Shorthorn breeds; the spotted or speckled pattern for which it is named derived from a single bull with the colour-pointed markings of the British White Park. var adElemSticky = document.getElementById('vi-sticky-ad'); 3 0 obj Some have been exported to Australia,[3] to Ireland[4] and to the United Kingdom. And the breed rarely experience calving difficulty. While they are definitely front paddock cattle, Speckle Park are making a name for themselves as premium carcass animals that offer producers a high value animal to turn off earlier and processors a high yielding, marbled carcass without excess waste. "They have [other producers] gone berserk. And the breed rarely experience calving difficulty. adElem.style.top = ''; With the US cattle market oriented toward solely black-hided animals, Speckle Park's distinctive white speckles can be disadvantageous. The Speckle Park-cross heifers had a hot standard carcass weight (HSCW) of 291kg, an average P8 fat of 15.67, and returned an average of $6.90/kg carcass weight, or $2010 per head. This group is to share wins and discuss challenges of bringing this breed to the states! Incorporating the past, tobacco, and the future, Speckle Park cattle, the family renamed their farming operation Golden Leaf Speckle Park. Former Poll Hereford breeder Greg Ebbeck imported the first lot of Speckle Park embryos into Australia to set up his own stud to sell animals to other producers. Ron and his father had successful and long careers with Dairy Cattle until 1996 when Ron sold his 90 cow dairy herd because he saw a chance to foray into raising beef cattle, which was always his dream. Wattle Grove's October sale was a success in the bulls and females, which topped at $31,000 for Wattle Grove 01B Niome, purchased by Steve and Diep Atkin, Gotcha Speckle Parks. Wattle Grove stud's sale in October reached a high of $68,000 for Wattle Grove Paperboy, setting a new world record for bulls. It's amazing," Mr Power said. For many Speckle Park breeders, what they value most about this breed is their quiet temperaments. Call Dale on +61429360419 "Our PTIC F1's cows offered last month made $3400 at Mudgee store sale and were highly sort after cattle, bring the same money as heifers with calves at foot," remarked a very happy Shelly Barnett. adElem.style.visibility = 'visible'; Interest is growing in the United States in the breed. Friendly, loved to be rubbed and petted. Cattle available for sale at all times For questions or more information, email or call us at 780-872-8788. Friendly, loved to be rubbed and petted. window.onscroll = function () {
Photo and info from Wikipedia. I felt that the Speckle Park cattle (especially the bulls) at Agribition have lost a lot of their depth. 520 Francis Street, Ste 500B 4 0 obj Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. We have semen qualified for New Zealand, Canada, USA, South Africa, Argentina and Brazil. Come see and taste Speckle Park for yourself. We had 2 speckle cows, one was pretty high headed and I didn't trust being near her when her calf was little and she did not like to come in the pen. Friendly, loved to be rubbed and petted. WebSpeckle Park cattle originated in Canada. And a breed association was formed named the Speckle Park Breeders Association by the representatives of nine herds in 1985. Updated March 21 2021 - 9:01pm, first published March 19 2021 - 9:30pm. The Ukraine war may be a battle for the global order but whose rules are we fighting for? Their colour pattern is what attracts some to the breed, while for others it is a mere bonus for the highly valuable attributes they I felt that the Speckle Park cattle (especially the bulls) at Agribition have lost a lot of their depth. And it seems that Speckle Park cattle are just as successfully hitting the mark in Australia. Another high price achieved last year was a new record for New Zealand, with the Maungahina stud, Masterton, selling Maungahina Promise P194 for $NZ35,000 to Justin and Amy Dickens, JAD Speckle Park. [2]:304, A breed association, the Canadian Speckle Park Association, was formed in 1985. We care about the protection of your data. adElem.style.height = rect.height + 'px'; He stumbled upon some Canadian Speckle Park breeders at the National LIvestock show in Denver in 2011. "That's unheard of for British breed animals," Mr Power said. Producers and processors alike are realising that Speckle Park cattle are not just a pretty face. Developed in Canada, they are a carcase-orientated yet maternal purebred. adElem.style.zIndex = '21'; "But I have a firm belief that these cattle are exciting.". The Canadian Speckle Park cattle are medium sized animals, and they inherit many of the characteristics of popular cattle like the Angus. "After seeing Speckles at the Royal we did our homework and found that Speckle Park were consistently hitting the mark in Canada.". Seventeen of the Speckle Park-cross heifers marbled 3+, with one scoring a five, while only one Angus heifer marbled 3+. Speckled- and leopard-coloured animals are genetically the same in terms of the inheritance of colour patterns. However, review more information about this cattle breed below. % They are very hardy and well adapted to the cold winters of Canada as well as the heat of summer. Other beef cattle breeders saw them come through the cattle markets and bringing a premium price. [2]:304 It is one of only a few beef cattle breeds developed in Canada. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. It is a beef cattle breed and mainly raised for meat production. This group is to share wins and discuss challenges of bringing this breed to the states! Ron is blessed with a lot of friends in his life, but has made even more because of the taste and tenderness of They are very hardy and well adapted to the cold winters of Canada as well as the heat of summer. The Angus heifers entered the feedlot 20kg heavier than the F1 Speckle Park/Angus group, and exiting the feedlot the Angus heifers were 17kg heavier - yet the Speckle Park-cross heifers yielded 2kg per head carcass weight more. The bulls tend to be beefier and round in appearance than the more squared off females. adElem.style.position = ''; The Speckle Park cattle breed are medium sized frame and have a well-defined blocky body with a typical rectangular cow shaped face and slightly upturned snout. "He has 16 or 18 breeds of cattle and Speckle Park is his latest venture and he's over the moon with them.". They are early-maturing, and get back in calf despite adverse weather conditions. Ron is blessed with a lot of friends in his life, but has made even more because of the taste and tenderness of Until this changes, McMurry and Forsythe both recommend Speckle Park for direct sales to wholesale accounts and individual consumers. However, they will also make good cattle for Access unlimited content, the digital versions of our print editions - Today's Paper, as well as The Central Western Daily, Daily Liberal and Western Advocate apps. Producers in the Mudgee area who are considering Speckle Park can move forward with confidence. <> Speckle Park produce high carcase dressing percentages 60%-plus is common in a first cross and great meat eating quality. Speckle Park is a combination of three breeds of British cattle Angus, White Park and Teeswater Shorthorn. Other beef cattle breeders saw them come through the cattle markets and bringing a premium price. Feel free to contact Cory with any questions or thoughts on the limitless opportunities in this extremely exciting breed of beef cattle that are Speckle Park! The breed is named so mainly because of the color pattern. adElem.style.opacity = '1'; Sign up for our newsletter to stay up to date. With the US cattle market oriented toward solely black-hided animals, Speckle Park's distinctive white speckles can be disadvantageous. American Speckle Park Association Your email address will not be published. Sky-high market for Speckle Park females. Putting Undesirable Genetic Conditions into Perspective All breeds of cattle, in fact all mammals including humans, have undesirable genetic conditions. endobj 4 Likes, 0 Comments - BW Cattle Services (@bwcattleservices) on Instagram: We have had a few big days at TeMooi Speckle Park annual Performance Sale. Interest is growing in the United States in the breed. P.O. Speckle Park is one of the fastest growing beef cattle breeds in the world. "There's huge demand for females, to the point where we can't breed them fast enough," she said. And it is one of only a few meat cattle breeds developed in Canada. Manage Settings Read our Privacy Policy. Cory believes that the Speckle Park Breed, when incorporated into American herds, will enhance the quality and return out of every producer's operation. [5], Numbers are low, and in Canada it is an endangered breed. Updated March 21 2021 - 9:01pm, first published March 19 2021 - 9:30pm. endobj Speckle was used because of the spots throughout the rear quarters. 1 0 obj Their interest grew in these hardy, heavy milking and distinctly marked cattle to the stage they started purchasing bulls and females from the Lamonts to try them in their herds. Preparing the cattle for "At the end of the day, it's dollars into our back pocket that pays, and in this trial, the Speckle Park heifers performed really well, ranging from $6.65/kg to $6.95/kg cwt, while the Angus heifer price ranged from $6/kg to $6.60/kg cwt.". WebSpeckle Park cattle originated in Canada. Heavenly Acres transitioned to a Speckle Park herd in 2020, with a focus on the genetic side. We have semen qualified for New Zealand, Canada, USA, South Africa, Argentina and Brazil. The meat is juicy, flavoursome and tender. Other beef cattle breeders saw them come through the cattle markets and bringing a premium price. The cows and calves were part of a larger offering from vendors Dale and Robyn Scott from Gippsland, whose 45 units averaged $4034. Canadian Speckle Park cattle are beautiful animals with distinctive color patterns. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Webtogether, Speckle Park breeders should avoid mating two red gene carriers together. Two words showed something was wrong with the system, After centuries of Murdaugh rule in the Deep South, the family's power ends with a life sentence for murder, How a 21yo man with the code name 'Svyat' smuggled residents past Putin's private army, A Nazi-hunting nun, an accused murderer, a theatre legend: This Australian actor plays them all, The messy family drama behind one of the world's biggest K-pop empires, 'Skill up NSW': Chris Minns pledges to get young people working asLabor launches election campaign. "If you can lift your dressing percentage by 1 or 2 or 3 per cent that's a lot of money.". This service may include material from Agence France-Presse (AFP), APTN, Reuters, AAP, CNN and the BBC World Service which is copyright and cannot be reproduced. adElem.style.width = ''; Speckle Park is a combination of three breeds of British cattle Angus, White Park and Teeswater Shorthorn. Notta Ranch rolled the dice and took part in an All Breeds Sale in Las Vegas on December 7, 2019. [2]:304[6], Some have been exported to Australia,[3] to Ireland[4] and to the United Kingdom. Speckle cattle are usually quite by nature but when they get angry, these are not easy to handle. The park derives from the characteristic black, white and grey spots and patches of color that the breed is known for. They are currently establishing a new ranch in Blairs, Virginia, which is located in the south-central part of the state, both of which have cattle grazing on them. Other beef cattle breeders saw them come through the cattle markets and bringing a premium price. Enter your details below to receive our quarterly e-newsletter. They are very hardy and well adapted to the cold winters of Canada as well as the heat of summer. WebRon has enjoyed working with Speckle Park cattle; they have a lot of positive characteristics and traits from disposition, to efficiency, to calving ease. And Park was obvious because some of the animals display the white park color pattern of a white body with colored points about the eyes, muzzle, ears, lower legs and teats. Cattle available for sale at all times For questions or more information, email or call us at 780-872-8788. Interest is growing in the United States in the breed. The Speckle Park cattle breed are medium sized frame and have a well-defined blocky body with a typical rectangular cow shaped face and slightly upturned snout. The Speckle Park cow is primarily used for meat production. adElem.style.zIndex = ''; The breed was named Speckle Park by Bill and Eillen Lamont. Their colour pattern is what attracts some to the breed, while for others it is a mere bonus for the highly valuable attributes they The Rose Hill Speckle Park Stud Open Day is on Saturday, August 29 at 3142 Lue Rd, Lue. One of the first saleyards to record a high price for Speckles in 2020 was Warwick, where first-cross heifer calves sold for 801 cents a kilogram in March. The Sheikh spent $20,000 on one five-month-old bull, which recently won top honours at the Royal Adelaide Show. Ron Carty Jr. comes from a long line of farmers dating back to the early 1700's in the Eastern United States. Speckle Park is a combination of three breeds of British cattle Angus, White Park and Teeswater Shorthorn. var rect = adElemSticky.getBoundingClientRect();
Some of these traits include: Weaning weight Cow milk production Accumulation of backfat Yield Grade and Quality Grade Feed Intake The bulls tend to be beefier and round in appearance than the more squared off females. A key to greater weight gains and a safer, low stress working environment is to work with docile cattle, and Speckle Park managed properly - tick that box. } Demand for genetics packages is also high, with four embryos from Battalion Heartbreaker M1, selling for $5050 each in November. var adElemSticky = document.getElementById('vi-sticky-ad');
Become a MemberAnimal EnquiryEducationFormsEventsContact. The calves are smaller in size when born, which ensure easy calving. Canadian Speckle Park cattle are beautiful animals with distinctive color patterns. Currently, the main part of the farm consists of registered Speckle Park cattle, with a small hay and fruit crop on the side. 4 Likes, 0 Comments - BW Cattle Services (@bwcattleservices) on Instagram: We have had a few big days at TeMooi Speckle Park annual Performance Sale. WebThey decided to name their cattle Speckle Park cattle. Speckle Park cattle have achieved incredible prices through the saleyard and online store cattle auctions, as well as stud sales, with Australian studs setting new records. Females have been particularly sought-after, according to Speckle Park International CEO Hannah Bourke. adElem.style.width = (rect.width) + 'px'; Their colour pattern is what attracts some to the breed, while for others it is a mere bonus for the highly valuable attributes they lay beneath their attractive hide. Bob and his wife Kristal are a first-generation farming family. Canadian Speckle Park cattle are beautiful animals with distinctive color patterns. Genetically the leopard patterns and classic speckle patterns are same, and result from the combination of the solid gene and the White Park gene. Sky-high market for Speckle Park females. Paperboy was sold to Stephen Ariss, Temple Mount Farm, Woodend, Victoria, and his sale exceeded the previous top price for the breed of $60,000, paid at the Summit3sale in 2016 in Canada for River Hill 50T Crusader 025C by a syndicate of Australian, English and Canadian buyers, including NSW stud Minnamurra Speckle Parks. The Speckle Park cattle breed are medium sized frame and have a well-defined blocky body with a typical rectangular cow shaped face and slightly upturned snout. Updated March 21 2021 - 9:01pm, first published March 19 2021 - 9:30pm. if (rect.top <= 0) { To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. var _footer = document.querySelector("#colophon"); The only disadvantage of this breed is the survival in severe climatic conditions. } Speckle Park International (SPI) Technical Sub-Committee Chair, Paul Guy, said the results at the processor had piqued the interest of many in the industry. The Canadian Speckle Park cattle breed was developed as a meat cattle breed. Updated May 10 2017 - 8:41pm, first published May 9 2017 - 2:30pm. I felt that the Speckle Park cattle (especially the bulls) at Agribition have lost a lot of their depth. As the name suggests, the Canadian Speckle Park cattle are a truly Canadian breed developed from the Aberdeen Angus, Teeswater Shorthorn and British cattle with the white park pattern. As a fourth-generation farmer, with roots going back to dairy cattle and fruit trees. And they are now used for beef production. These members have been integral to the organization and foundation of this Association. WebA single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), found in the Leptin gene, has been shown to have a large impact on several performance and quality traits of economic importance in beef production. Speckle Park is a combination of three breeds of British cattle Angus, White Park and Teeswater Shorthorn. In the fall of 2017, Cole bought his first two Speckle Park heifers from Ontario. Phone: 816-652-2220 Follow Golden Leaf Speckle Park on Facebook to find out more about the Harris family and their operation or email at harrisfarmsva@gmail.com. Other beef cattle breeders saw them come through the cattle markets and bringing a premium price. Ron is blessed with a lot of friends in his life, but has made even more because of the taste and tenderness of his beef. Both British White and Speckle Parks are seen here but they get discounted terribly at the stockyards. Speckles continued to command high prices throughout the year as commercial producers looked to restock following drought. 9. Speckle cattle are usually quite by nature but when they get angry, these are not easy to handle. endobj Continue with Recommended Cookies, Speckle Park Cattle Advantages and Disadvantages, Facts, Price, SheepaDoodle - Micro, Mini, Giant, Size, Character, Sale, Price, Care, Hereford Cattle Advantages and Disadvantages, Facts, Price, Santa Gertrudis Cattle Pros and Cons, Origin, Facts, Price, Galloway Cattle Disadvantages, Advantages, Facts, Price, Dexter Cattle Pros and Cons, Facts, Price, Limousin Cattle Advantages and Disadvantages, Facts, Price, F1bb Goldendoodle Temperament, Size, Lifespan, Adoption, Price, F1 vs F1b Goldendoodle Temperament, Size, Lifespan, Adoption, Price, Siamese tabby mix Personality, Size, Adoption, Lifespan, Price. } x=kG ?Giiw=uMm6`?lF$R?>]H*b,UE6j]q}}]]/DQKm'Jx~vX_a\_q}G\vj]_~w]O9nq?|"hYuU*)Te2Spa[Dz Ron registered the first ever American bred Speckle Park animal (Timely Manor Ember 1B) with the Canadian Association in July of 2016, which coincided with the exact date of the 10th Anniversary of the Canadian Speckle Park breed. The Ducherers have been involved in the Speckle Park Breed since 1995 and have always been major advocates for the merits and advancement of the breed. He is now in the process of converting a portion of the business to Speckle Park, confident they will be worth his while. adElem.style.opacity = '0'; P.O. I get two or three calls a week now. They have quite the breed standard, making them top choices for farms who are looking to profit from meat sales. Additionally, they have ten more purebred Speckle Park calves on the way this Fall. WebA single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), found in the Leptin gene, has been shown to have a large impact on several performance and quality traits of economic importance in beef production. We had 2 speckle cows, one was pretty high headed and I didn't trust being near her when her calf was little and she did not like to come in the pen. Until this changes, McMurry and Forsythe both recommend Speckle Park for direct sales to wholesale accounts and individual consumers. Their interest grew in these hardy, heavy milking and distinctly marked cattle to the stage they started purchasing bulls and females from the Lamonts to try them in their herds. The novel breed has also gained some royal attention with the former crown prince of Qatar, Sheikh Mishal bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, buying some of Mr Ebbeck's animals and Speckle Park genetics. While they are definitely front paddock cattle, Speckle Park are making a name for themselves as premium carcass animals that offer producers a high value animal to turn off earlier and processors a high yielding, marbled carcass without excess waste. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Both British White and Speckle Parks are seen here but they get discounted terribly at the stockyards. WebThey decided to name their cattle Speckle Park cattle. For the first time in USA history Speckle Park genetics were offered at public auction. The mature Canadian Speckle Park bulls on average weight about 900 kg. 9. The only disadvantage of this breed is the survival in severe climatic conditions. The Canadian Speckle Park cattle cross well on almost every breed of cattle and show every indication of contributing hybrid vigor. The Canadian Speckle Park cattle or simply Speckle Park is a beautiful breed of cattle native to the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. } else { Producers have been impressed by how much meat they can sell from a Speckle Park cow. The family began the process of rebranding the farm and moving away from row crops to primarily a Speckle Park beef operation. They decided to name their cattle Speckle Park cattle. And average body weight of the mature cows is about 550 kg. WebThe Speckle Park is a modern Canadian breed of beef cattle. Throughout the years, the Harris family diversified their tobacco farming operation to include cattle, industrial hemp, small grains, and a Perdue poultry house. "For MSA (Meat Standards Australia) marbling, 51.3 per cent of the Speckle Park heifers scored 400+, while 22.4 per cent scored 500+," Mr Guy said. var adElem = document.getElementById('vi-ad');
Canadian Speckle Park cattle are beautiful animals with distinctive color patterns. Keep up to date with Cory and his family's operation by following the River Hill Facebook page. Required fields are marked *. Mr Power has spent more than 20 years building up a successful commercial Angus herd. adElemSticky.style.height = rect.height + 'px';
We respect your privacy, and we will never sell your data, or send spam. adElem.style.top = '10px'; Records were also broken in saleyards along the East Coast. While they are definitely front paddock cattle, Speckle Park are making a name for themselves as premium carcass animals that offer producers a high value animal to turn off earlier and processors a high yielding, marbled carcass without excess waste. Cattle Farming and Caring Information and Guide, Canadian Speckle Park Cattle Characteristics, Whitebred Shorthorn Cattle Characteristics, Uses, Origin, Afrikaner Cattle Farming Business Starting Guide, Madura Cattle Characteristics, Origin & Uses, Yurino Cattle Characteristics, Origin & Uses Info, Swedish Red Cattle Characteristics, Origin, Uses, Best Guide For Sorting Cattle For Beginners, How to Protect Your Dog From Wild Animals, Buffalo Chopper: Best Uses & Working Process Info, Buffalo Trimming: Best Hooves Trimming Tips, Moringa Farming: Drumstick Cultivation Business, Best Oatmeal Cooker: Top 4 With Pros & Cons, Harmons Cooking Classes: Best For Learning Cooking, Goat Head Cooking: Preparation, Pros & Cons, How Hot to Cook Tombstone Pizza in The Oven. The Speckle Park cow is primarily used for meat production. The calves are smaller in size when born, which ensure easy calving. They are very hardy and well adapted to the cold winters of Canada as well as the heat of summer. Speckle Park International members measure their cattle more than most other beef breeds all registered animals are DNA parent verified to both sire and dam, and are tested for three key traits prior to registration. adElem.style.visibility = 'hidden'; It was developed in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan from 1959, by cross-breeding stock of the British Aberdeen Angus and Shorthorn breeds; the spotted or speckled pattern for which it is named derived from a single bull with the colour-pointed markings of the British White Park. And Park is for the color around the eyes, ears, muzzle, teats and lower legs. Speckled is for the spots in the rear quarters and throughout the body. Putting Undesirable Genetic Conditions into Perspective All breeds of cattle, in fact all mammals including humans, have undesirable genetic conditions. WebA single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), found in the Leptin gene, has been shown to have a large impact on several performance and quality traits of economic importance in beef production. WebSpeckle Park cattle originated in Canada. Sherpa are world famous for their work, which is synonymous with their name. adElem.style.display = 'none'; On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Can the dogs of Chernobyl teach us new tricks when it comes to our own survival? Their interest grew in these hardy, heavy milking and distinctly marked cattle to the stage they started purchasing bulls and females from the Lamonts to try them in their herds. 2022 Speckle Park International Limited | All rights reserved | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | All logos and trademarks are copyright of the respective owners. Far fewer know their real story. Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. [1], Canadian Speckle Park is so named because of the colour pattern of the cattle. (vitag.Init = window.vitag.Init || []).push(function () { viAPItag.display("vi_1472596215") }),
Notta Ranch rolled the dice and took part in an All Breeds Sale in Las Vegas on December 7, 2019. While the average is about 55 per cent of the weight of the live animal, one steer produced just over 70 per cent. A new world record female price was set in January last year, with $45,000 paid for a half interest in Inc Havana 101F at the inaugural Launch Speckle Park Sale in Denver, Colorado, US. New CEO's big plans for Speckle Park International, Ambitious plans for Speckle Park International Youth program, sale in October reached a high of $68,000 for Wattle Grove Paperboy, Minnamurra Plunderer P196, who sold for $40,000 in September. Later that month records tumbled at the Tamworth Regional Livestock Exchange when a pen of nine first-cross cows and their second calves from Kayla and Mitch Kelaher, Gunnedah, made $4050, breaking the previous high set a fortnight earlier, when cows and calves on account of Red Rock sold for $3650. WebSpeckle Park cattle come in four distinct colour patterns: speckled, leopard, white with black points, and solid black. 4 Likes, 0 Comments - BW Cattle Services (@bwcattleservices) on Instagram: We have had a few big days at TeMooi Speckle Park annual Performance Sale. Because the gene pool is so small, I am concerned if the breeders keep selecting for the style of bulls that were at Agribition, the breed will quickly loose the good deep brood cows it started with. The only disadvantage of this breed is the survival in severe climatic conditions. With this year's calves on the ground, they have 50+ purebred registered and registered-eligible Speckle Park cattle. Sign up for our newsletter to stay up to date. He is co-owner of Heavenly Acres, located in Esperance, New York, with his father. The trial resulted in the Speckle Park-cross heifers returning an average carcass price that was $149 per head higher than the comparison group. Shortly, after, the transition into the breed began in 2012 and has been rewarding ever since to say the least.

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